Women in Management - 1909 Words

Running head: WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT: A SOCIO-CULTURAL CHALLENGE Abstract Historically, women have been facing many socio-cultural factors in order to be integrated to a world principally designed by men and for men. One way to describe this situation has been called the Glass Ceiling, by definition an invisible but real barrier founded on attitudinal or organizational bias in the workforce that prevents minorities and women from advancing to leadership positions. This paper gives an overview of the principal reasons for this behavior based on previous studies, analyzes some approaches to handle them as well as possible actions that allow women and other minorities smash the glass-ceiling effects, and finally, it suggests some directions†¦show more content†¦In addition, this paper analyzes if there are another factors different to those already mentioned that restrict women climbing to the top level in organizations. Some implications and directions for future researches will be suggested as well as possible actions that allow women and other min orities smash the glass-ceiling effects. Women in the Workforce Background Women have always worked. During the pre-industrial age, family was considered as a unity of production and consumption and woman had to work to support it. While men were making rural labor, women had to take care of children, do the housekeeping, feed the animals, grow crops on the home parcel, and then sell the remaining porcion at the market. Other women got temporary jobs doing similar things for somebody else. In the early settlements of seventeenth-century America, only one group of women, domestic servants, could properly be called wage earners. By the end of the colonial period, the stage had been set for women to take their places in the nineteenth-century movement of people into the wage labor force. Women’s transition from paid and unpaid family-centered roles to wage labor of all kinds began early in the American past. (Kessler-Harris, 2003) Industrial Revolution brought an out-of-home work oportunity for women, but it faced them with the dilemma â€Å"Home or w ork†. Therefore, those jobs were taken for young-maiden women. Married-women work was confined to a biologic andShow MoreRelatedRole of Women in Management5640 Words   |  23 PagesI NTERNATIONAL B USINESS S TUDIES THE CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS: THE SPANISH EXAMPLE Simon Mowatt Paper Number 21-00 RESEARCH PAPERS IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ISSN NUMBER 1366-6290 THE CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS: THE SPANISH EXAMPLE Simon Mowatt Abstract This paper seeks to describe the management experience for women in Spain, concentrating on the broad picture, then examining the individualRead MoreThe Women Offender Case Management Model Essay1281 Words   |  6 Pageswithin my treatment program. She suggested that I implement the Women Offender Case Management Model (WOCMM) which incorporates the six-primary gender-responsive principles, according to Van Voorhis and Salisbury (2014). After researching WOCMM, I found that the applying this model into my program will allow a merging of gender responsive and evidence based practice to take place. By using the concept of the Women Offender Case Management Model, my program will be able to create other methods of approachRead MoreWomen s Role For A Management Job2171 Words   |  9 Pagesleave, leads to perceptions that she is not well suited for a management job, According to Gill and Davidson (2001), long hours, frequent travel and attendance at work-related functions are essentia l for mothers who seek advancement in managerial or professional jobs. These authors concluded that work and family identities were incompatible in the minds of many professionals and employers. It is however interesting to note that women and men are entitled to take time off work following childbirthRead MoreAfrican American Women in Upper Management Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesWithin the upper echelons of upper management is scant room for African American women. This mini-proposal outlines a research project that focuses on the phenomena of the nominal amount of African American women are in positions of management or organizational leadership within the City of Philadelphia. Proposed Problem The issue necessitating this empirical study I the low representation of African American women in Philadelphia in positions of power and leadership. Within the private and publicRead MoreEssay In the End Women Are Too Weak for Management3520 Words   |  15 PagesIN THE END WOMEN ARE TOO WEAK FOR MANAGEMENT? Gender issues within Organisations. ODUM Uchechukwu Azubike. 12398408 There is a general saying which is very common amongst industrious women which states thus; â€Å"what a man can do, a woman can do even better†. A publicly reverberating affirmation, perhaps to correct the impression that apparently clouds professional viewpoints on the effectiveness and relative success of female versus male managers, probably stemming from women around the worldRead MoreThe Role of Leadership Theory in Raising the Profile of Women in Management692 Words   |  3 PagesLeadership Title: The role of leadership theory in raising the profile of Women in Management. The article is founded on the concept of leadership and the varied conceptions that have been propagated on the same since the early 11930s to the contemporary times. The focus is majorly on the shaping up of the leadership theories over time to come and converge at the pivotal position of women in management. Leadership is described here as the ability of an individual to influence, motivateRead MoreEssay about Women in the Workforce 1541 Words   |  7 Pagestimes change, so do the standards. Women previously have been looked at as homemakers, housewives, subordinates. In this new century, this has changed dramatically. Not only have women sought extensive amounts of education, they have sought means to expand and solidify their skills. Although women continue to face discrimination, the qualifications of the playing field have leveled out. According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (2012), in 2011, women accounted for 47 percent of theRead MoreThe Differences Between Leadership And Management1699 Words   |  7 Pagesautocratic than they might instinctively be. Management Management is defined in three ways: ï  ¶ Management is the act or skills of controlling and making decisions about a business, department, establishment, etc. ï  ¶ Management are the people who make the decisions about a business, department, etc. ï  ¶ The act or a process of deciding how to use something, the basic tasks of management includes both marketing and innovation. The practice of modern management originated from the 16th century study ofRead MoreBusiness Skills As Entrepreneurship Education1203 Words   |  5 Pagesauthors have explained business skills as entrepreneurship education to empower knowledge of the entrepreneurs. This entails business management skills, business planning, financial management, awareness of legal aspects and market searching. That being the case, the skills are useful and important in developing creative thinking, negotiations, leadership (business management), exposure to technical innovation and new product development. However, the skills help to identify and exploit business opportunitiesRead MoreThe Management Hierarchy Of Female Employees1274 Words   |  6 PagesAs a CEO, I sit at the top of the management hierarchy, but still report to the board of directors. The board of dir ectors has the power to evaluate my performance, set my compensation, overturn my strategy, and make other decisions. 2. First challenge 2.1 Diversity One of the primary challenges is that female employees in a number of our branch offices have informally complained that our organization has more men than women in management positions. We can describe this challenge is workforce diversity

Using Standard Normal Distribution in Mathematics

The standard normal distribution, which is more commonly known as the bell curve, shows up in a variety of places. Several different sources of data are normally distributed. As a result of this fact, our knowledge about the standard normal distribution can be used in a number of applications. But we do not need to work with a different normal distribution for every application. Instead, we work with a normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. We will look at a few applications of this distribution that are all tied to one particular problem. Example Suppose that we are told that the heights of adult males in a particular region of the world are normally distributed with a mean of 70 inches and a standard deviation of 2 inches. Approximately what proportion of adult males are taller than 73 inches?What proportion of adult males are between 72 and 73 inches?What height corresponds to the point where 20% of all adult males are greater than this height?What height corresponds to the point where 20% of all adult males are less than this height? Solutions Before continuing on, be sure to stop and go over your work. A detailed explanation of each of these problems follows below: We use our z-score formula to convert 73 to a standardized score. Here we calculate (73 – 70) / 2 1.5. So the question becomes: what is the area under the standard normal distribution for z greater than 1.5? Consulting our table of z-scores shows us that 0.933 93.3% of the distribution of data is less than z 1.5. Therefore 100% - 93.3% 6.7% of adult males are taller than 73 inches.Here we convert our heights to a standardized z-score. We have seen that 73 has a z score of 1.5. The z-score of 72 is (72 – 70) / 2 1. Thus we are looking for the area under the normal distribution for 1z 1.5. A quick check of the normal distribution table shows that this proportion is 0.933 – 0.841 0.092 9.2%Here the question is reversed from what we have already considered. Now we look up in our table to find a z-score Z* that corresponds to an area of 0.200 above. For use in our table, we note that this is where 0.800 is below. When we look at the table, we see that z* 0.84 . We must now convert this z-score to a height. Since 0.84 (x – 70) / 2, this means that x 71.68 inches.We can use the symmetry of the normal distribution and save ourselves the trouble of looking up the value z*. Instead of z* 0.84, we have -0.84 (x – 70)/2. Thus x 68.32 inches. The area of the shaded region to the left of z in the diagram above demonstrates these problems. These equations represent probabilities and have numerous applications in statistics and probability.

Alice M. Walker s Everyday Use - 890 Words

Alice M. Walker is an American novelist, short story writer, poet, and activist and wrote the short story, Everyday Use in 1973. Mama is in the yard with her daughter Maggie. They had spent the day before cleaning the yard that they call â€Å"comfortable† and â€Å"an extended living room† to prepare for their estranged daughter Dee that they have not seen in many years. Mama says that Maggie will be nervous throughout the stay of her sister due to her scars from the house fire. Mama foresees an idealistic reunion with her well to do daughter. Mama explains that she is a heavy set woman, big boned, rough working man hands. Dee was sent to Augusta to school, Mama and others helped finance to help her go. Dee became arrogant, prideful, scornful, and resentful of her family. They stood to their backs to the house and waited for Dee’s arrival. When they see Dee approach Maggie tries to flee back to the house but Mama calls her back. Mama sees Dee’s exit alon g with a short stocky man out of the vehicle. Dee then takes a picture of the two woman in the yard with a Polaroid camera. Dee explains that she has changed her name to Wangero to a name that is more connected to her African roots. They go to the kitchen and Dee sees objects that to most are ordinary old objects and she wants. She especially wanted the things Uncle Buddy had made. After they ate Dee and Mama went to a trunk at the foot of the bed and Dee pulls out old quilts made by Dee’s grandmother. Dee askes if she could haveShow MoreRelatedEssay on Analysis of Everyday Use by Alice Walker631 Words   |  3 Pages The story Everyday Use, written by Alice Walker, is a story of heritage, pride, and learning what kind of person you really are. In the exposition, the story opens with background information about Dee and Maggies life, which is being told by Mama. The reader learns that Dee was the type of child that had received everything that she wanted, while Maggie was the complete opposite. The crisis, which occurs later in the story, happens when Dee all of a sudden comes home a different personRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Literature1014 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout a person s life, at least one book will be read. Some will keep reading, engaging their brain and diving more and more into literature. Others, will stop and say how reading novels has no benefit or that it s boring and so on and so forth. The negatives people say about literature are just excuses they give because some people don t like to make the time to read. Simply put, when people do this they are truly missing out , whether it is a short story or a story with one thousand pagesRead MoreEthnic Literature : Ethnic American Literature1381 Words   |  6 PagesEthnic American literature. Ethnic American literature is a rich and varied treasure of poetry, fiction, drama, and much more. Written by some of America s greatest authors, this ethnic legacy opens up a world of diversity to readers, but it also illustrates the struggles and prejudice that still exist in our country today. Ethnic authors use their own experiences to illustrate the problems and prejudice they have faced in an attempt to gain the understanding of readers, and to perhaps change someRead MorePower of Power Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagesliterature, power can be depicted in a variety of ways, affecting different numbers of people and things. Margaret Atwood’s â€Å"Helen of Troy Does Countertop Dancing†, Toni Cade Bambara’s â€Å"The Lesson†, Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s Houseâ⠂¬ , and Alice Walker’s â€Å"Everyday Use† each uniquely examine the influence of power in their characters’ lives. The roots from which power takes place, the depths one will travel to maintain or gain greater power, and the ways people are ultimately shaped by these influencesRead MoreContrast and Comparisons between The Colour Purple and I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings2522 Words   |  11 PagesIn Maya Angelou’s I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and Alice Walker’s The Color Purple, important aspects of the African American women’s experience in America in the early/mid. 1900’s are discussed such as the physical abuse and emotional abuse they endured and their social standing in society. In both novels you are able to witness the anguish and persecution that these women had to undergo. Maya from I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings and Celie from The Color Purple are the main characters and weRead More12 Angry Men By Reginald Rose1450 W ords   |  6 Pagesnot need to conform to society s ideals in order to find their happiness or be successful in life. When an individual chooses to not conform, it will lead them to their future and their own accomplishment. In the play,12 Angry Men, by Reginald Rose, readers can understand that one do not have to conform to what is the majority but an individual could be successful with their own action and thoughts. Juror 8 uses pathos to defend the boy by arguing, â€Å"Look, this boy s been kicked around all his lifeRead MoreBlack Women in Gloria Naylors The Women of Brewster Place Essay2078 Words   |  9 Pagesof their families alone. Mattie Michael, the main character in The Women of Brewster Place, exemplifies how heavy that burden can become. Mattie was a young single mother who moved to Brewster Place after her son, Basil, forfeits her home after she uses it as collateral to get him out of jail and he disappears. The pain she felt was not much different from the pain a lot of mothers have felt. In 2011, sixty-seven percent of all the single mothers in America were African American, the t he highest percentRead More Women, Beauty and Self-Esteem Essay5143 Words   |  21 Pageswomen were willing to run the risk of developing serious health problems in order to wear them. The tight lacing often led to pulmonary disease and internal organ damage. American women disregarded the advice of their physicians, who spoke against the use of corsets because of their potential to displace internal organs. Fainting, or â€Å"the vapors,† was the result of wearing such tightly laced clothing that normal breathing became impossible. Even the clergy sermonized against corsets, miscarriages wereRead MoreTourism and Indigenous People8720 Words   |  35 Pagesother major societies in which they live (United Nations, 2011a). Nowadays, when tourists interact with indigenous cultures it is seen to be restricted to a master/servant encounter and sometimes is seen as an unoriginal representation of these people‟s long-established and cultural lifestyles (Hinch Butler, 1996) . Hinch Butler (1996) go on to say that â€Å"factors within the external environment may have particularly strong influences upon the outcome of indigenous tourism†. These influences whichRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespermission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Operating System and Windows Server free essay sample

1. What should you do if the drive on which you want to install Windows Server 2012 already has a partition on it containing an operating system and data you do not need? Remove the file 2. What should you do if the Where do you want to install Windows? page appears, but it does not list any drives or partitions? Check to make sure that the drive is installed correctly in the pc and then if it still occurs you need to reformat the drive to work with windows server. 3. Under what conditions would the Upgrade option not be available to you during the Windows Server 2012 installation process. When it is a new harddrive with no previous version of windows 4. The compatibility notes that appear during this exercise are recommendations; they do not prevent you from performing the upgrade. However, in a real-world upgrade situation, this might not be the case. Give an example of a compatibility note that will stop the upgrade process and force you to take action before restarting the installation. We will write a custom essay sample on Operating System and Windows Server or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The previous version of windows installed is not able to be upgraded to windows server 2012 5. What proof do you have that the procedure just completed has upgraded the operating system on the computer and not just performed a new, clean installation? Check to see if previous users are still available. 6. Why can you not install the Server Migration Tools to the server running Windows Server 2008 server using the Add Roles and Features Wizard on your server running Windows Server 2012? Register Windows Server Migration Tools on source computers that are running older releases of Windows Server than your destination server; that is, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2008, or Windows Server 2003.